What type of data can only take on whole values and has distinct boundaries?

Discrete data is characterized by its ability to only assume whole values, meaning it cannot take on fractional or decimal forms. This type of data is often associated with countable items, such as the number of students in a classroom or the number of cars in a parking lot. These values are distinct and separate, creating clear boundaries between one value and another. For instance, you can have 1, 2, or 3 cars, but not 2.5 cars, which exemplifies the nature of discrete data.

In contrast, continuous data can take on any value within a given range, including fractions and decimals, which does not fit the criteria outlined in the question. Qualitative data refers to non-numeric information that describes characteristics or qualities, often categorical in nature, but lacks the numeric structure necessary for the definition of discrete data. Categorical data encompasses both qualitative and discrete aspects, making it broader and not specifically tied to whole values or distinct boundaries. Thus, discrete data stands out as the most accurate choice.